![]() However, smaller dome tweeters have less radiating area, which limits their output at the lower end of their range and they have smaller voice coils, which limit their overall power output.įerrofluid is a suspension of very small (typically 10 nm) iron oxide magnetic particles in a very low volatility liquid, typically a synthetic oil. ![]() In general, smaller dome tweeters provide wider dispersion of sound at the highest frequencies. Polyethylene terephthalate film and woven silk suffer less ringing, but are not nearly as stiff, which can limit their very high frequency output. More exotic materials, such as synthetic diamond, are also being used for their extreme stiffness. Nowadays other metals such as aluminium, titanium, magnesium, and beryllium, as well as various alloys thereof, are used, being both light and stiff but having low damping their resonant modes occur above 20 kHz. Celestion were the first manufacturers to fabricate dome tweeters out of a metal, copper. Three properties designers look for in domes are low mass, high stiffness and good damping. Dome materials Īll dome materials have advantages and disadvantages. Ribbon tweeters have been made that can reproduce 80 kHz and even 100 kHz. Tweeters with a greater upper range have been designed for psychoacoustic testing, for extended-range digital audio such as Super Audio CD intended for audiophiles, for biologists performing research on animal response to sounds, and for ambient sound systems in zoos. Most tweeters are designed to reproduce frequencies up to the formally defined upper limit of the human hearing range (typically listed as 20 kHz) some operate at frequencies up to approximately in between 5 kHz to 20 kHz. The separation from the baffle is considered to be optimal under the theory that the smallest baffle possible is optimal for tweeters. The latter plugs in and swivels to adjust the soundfield depending on listener position and user preference. Examples include " super tweeters" and the novel "egg tweeter" by Ohm. Some tweeters sit outside the main enclosure in their own semi-independent unit. Tweeters can also work in collaboration with the woofers that are responsible for generating the low frequencies or bass. Among the challenges in tweeter design and manufacture are: providing adequate damping, to stop the dome's motion rapidly when the signal ends ensuring suspension linearity, allowing high output at the low end of its frequency range ensuring freedom from contact with the magnet assembly, keeping the dome centered as it moves and providing adequate power handling without adding excessive mass. ![]() Tweeters are intended to convert an electrical signal into mechanical air movement with nothing added or subtracted, but the process is imperfect, and real-world tweeters involve tradeoffs. Hard dome tweeters are usually made of aluminium, aluminium-magnesium alloys, or titanium. ![]() Many soft dome tweeter diaphragms are thermoformed from polyester film, or silk or polyester fabric that has been impregnated with a polymer resin. As tweeter technology has advanced, different design applications have become popular. ![]() Modern tweeters are typically different from older tweeters, which were usually small versions of woofers. Since the coil is attached to a diaphragm, the vibratory motion of the voice coil transmits to the diaphragm the diaphragm in turn vibrates the air, thus creating air motions or audio waves, which is heard as high sounds. This mechanical movement resembles the waveform of the electronic signal supplied from the amplifier's output to the voice coil. The voice coil produces a varying magnetic field, which works against the fixed magnetic field of a permanent magnet around which the cylindrical voice coil is suspended, forcing the voice coil and the diaphragm attached to it to move. These designs operate by applying current from the output of an amplifier circuit to a coil of wire called a voice coil. Nearly all tweeters are electrodynamic drivers using a voice coil suspended within a fixed magnetic field. ![]()
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